Coating and painting exterior surfaces



ATEN'I F F ICEr MELVIN B. CHURCH, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

COATING AND PAINTING EXTERIOR SURFACES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 259,488, dated June- 13, 1882.

Application filed anuary 13, 1882. (No specimens.)

"To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MELVIN B CHURCH, of

Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Coating and Painting Exterior Surfaces; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same.

My invention relates to the covering of exierior walls, and is also applicable to other surfaces wherever the ordinary coats of paint are used.

It consists in covering or coating exposed walls, first, with a preparation of finely-pulverized gypsum and glue, or a material known as alabastinef and an exterior coating of ordinary paint, all as hereinafter fully explained and distinctly claimed.

The object of my invention is to obtain a body -or foundation for the surface coating of paint of cheaper material, whereby a substantial firmly-united covering is secured for walls,-

the outside of houses, carriage-bodies, or wherever ordinary coats of paint are used, with the ordinary exterior surface of paint.

In carrying out my invention I use for the foundation or first coat a mixture of finely-pulverized calcined gypsum mixed with very finely pulverized glue in a dry state, in theproportions' of from five to ten pounds of the best glue to one hundred pounds of the gypsum. The amount of glue to be used between these extremes will depend upon the hardness desired in the foundation coating. These materials are mixed thoroughly, and require only the addition of water in order to prepare them for use. I dissolve them in hot water, adding preferably enough to reduce the material to a liquid or semi-liquid condition.

For coating the exterior walls of buildings I reduce the materials to a liquid condition and apply them with a brush, as ordinary whitewash or like coating is applied. The number of these foundation coats will depend upon the condition of the surface to be covered as to smoothness, and upon the kind of 'finish'required. Each coat should be allowed to set before another is applied. When this coating of the calcined gypsum and glue has firmly set it forms a tough, hard,

and sufficiently apply the paint.

I may use, as before stated, for the first or foundation coat an article known in the market as alabastine, for which Letters Patent of the United States were granted me April 6, 1875, numbered 161,591, preferably adding thereto a small quantity of finely-pulverized glue of the best quality-say from one (1) to fifteen (15) pounds to each hundred-weight of the alabastine. v

For ordinary surfaces, such as the .exterior surfaces of walls of houses, I apply the paint directly to the foundation preparedas above described. For this purpose I use any of the ordinary kinds of paints and apply them in porous foundation on which to the ordinary manner. A single coat is usually sired.

For work requiring a very smooth and finished surface I modify to some extent the mode of applying the foundation coating of gypsum and binding material. -This modification consists in adding less of the hot water, so as to reduce the pulverized materials to a semi-liquid or plastic condition, in which they may be applied, either with a trowel or brush, to the surfaces to be covered, giving to such surfaces a'body thicker than the covering which would be applied by using a brush and the ordinary liquid form of the substance. After this coating is set it retains the roughness imparted to it by the tools used to apply it, and I proceed to reduce it to a smooth surface by means of sand-paper or some equivalent material, by which it is rendered smooth and. fine. I then, either by rubbing or washing, remove all the dust and apply the paint.

This mode of coating is practicable to the interior finish of cars or buildings, or to their external surfaces, and it may be used advantageously in covering the bodies of wagons, carriages, sleighs, and the like. The foundation coating of gypsum and binding material gives a solid firm body, which the paint penetrates, and with which the paint unites, making a very firm, tough, and solid coating, with as fine a finish as can be given by using paints alone.

There is another advantage in this, that if 2 Y 259,4 as

by any blow or abrasion any part should be- .come injured it can be repaired by adding some of the plastic material, then Subsequently reducing the surface to a uniform level by sandpaper and by repainting. The materials used for the first coat may be colored to any desired shade by mixing therewith any suitable coloring material.

Although I have mentioned various surfaces, my invention is more largely-applicable to the exterior surfaces of buildings, whether of wood or of brick. On such surfaces it is used with excellent effect, since the cheap ma terial which constitutes the foundation of the coating fills all the crevices and forms a comparatively smooth surface, at little expense, to

receive the paint.

I am of course aware that it is not new to paint plastered surfaces; but the merit of my invention consists in uniting the special kind of finish with an outside coat of paint, the

claim is- The improved process of covering exposed surfaces or walls, consisting in first coating said surfaces orwalls with the described mixture of pulverized gypsum and glue, and then painting them, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

M. B. on Ron.

Witnesses:

E. A. DICK. DAVID H. MEAD. 

